A taxpayer’s taxation rate on the last income dollar. Earlier income tax rates are lower, and the rates increase at specific income increments as income increases.

Producer’s substitution rate of a small input variable’s amount for another small input variable’s amount. This rate indicates the opportunity cost of a unit of each commodity in terms of another.

A firm’s gross revenue increase produced when one additional output unit is sold.

Additional income unit’s paid tax rate. Marginal tax rates increment as income increases in a graduated or progressive tax regimen. The highest marginal tax rate applies to the highest income bracket or

An activity’s incremental cost as perceived by society. Adding marginal external cost and marginal private cost results in this value.

A small, disposable income’s change proportion potentially saved instead of being spent on consumption. Divide the amount saved by the causal disposable income change.

US risk-management consultant William Margrabe invented this in 1978. Exchanging of one asset for another as the basis of a futures contract, like a cross currency option. He also devised a price

Continued or increased production and availability warranted by this state of satisfying a sufficiently large customer base with a good or service.

A check guaranteed by the bank on which it is drawn when marked ‘good for payment’, typically by means of a special stamp. The check’s issuer thereby acknowledges to having sufficient funds

Vehicle type that minimizes Federal estate taxes, giving the surviving spouse unlimited family assets access.

Interaction of demand and supply in the market generates the price signals that cause an ongoing and spontaneous coordination of separate economic activities of individuals engaged in a division of labor.

A small, disposable income’s change proportion potentially spent on consumption instead of being saved. Divide the consumption change by the causal disposable income change.

A product’s potential customers tallied within a specific unit area of land. A square-mile or square-kilometer is the typical area unit.

A relatively large market percentage covered by a relatively small group of entities accounts for this extent or degree.

An entity’s plans, policies, and strategies collectively impacted by Cultural, economic, political, social, and technological environments.

In a given market, as a percentage of a saturation level, a count of active retail and/or wholesale outlets selling a specific firm’s brands. Following a concentrated marketing, a differentiated marketing, or

To evaluate an insurer’s practices and operations, the state’s insurance department conducts this type of examination. The intent is to establish in that state the insurer’s authority and worthiness to practice its

The result of marginal revenue minus marginal cost. Marginal profit equals zero In the best-case scenario.

Complete disregard of case facts and the applicable rule or law as an indisputable error of judgment.