Your Free Online Legal Dictionary • Featuring Black’s Law Dictionary, 2nd Ed.

Category: P

PASSIVE LOSS RULES

Rules limiting tax deductions and income that go untaxed. This is limited by passive source earnings.

PFANDBRIEFE

A bond that converts its assets into negotiable securities. The assets remain on the balance sheet but are reserved for investors in the event of default.

PORTFOLIO DIVERSIFICATION

Combining non related securites to ensure more profit. Refer to diversification, diversifiable risk, nondiversifiable risk, and portfolio theory.

PRIMACY

The main insurer on a policy. Refer to apportionment, divided cover, overlapping insurance, and pro rata.

PUP COMPANY

A subsidiary company that writes special risk insurance for their parent company or group.

PUTCALL PARITY

Relationships used to decide option prices that must remain to prevent arbitrage conditions. The sum price of the call option and strike price. This price must equal the sum of the put

PASSIVE RETENTION

When a company unexpectedly retains risk leading to losses. This usually occurs when they are not properly managing their reserves or self insurance. Refer to retention and risk retention

PHANTOM STOCK

Provides bonuses and cash to management if the company does well.

PORTFOLIO PUMPING

When managers buy extra stock to boost prices higher. This is done at the quarter and end of the financial year. Refer to window dressing.

PREFERRED RISK

An insured with less risk of loss and claims than the normal applicant. Insurers find these risks to increase their underwriting income and lower settlements.

PRIOR PREFERRED STOCK

Stock that has a first claim on assets. If distress should occur these stockholders get first dibs.

PURE ARBITRAGE

A strategy that uses external borrowed funds instead of internal funds. Refer to quasi arbitrage.

PASS-THROUGH SECURITY

When investors get cashflows from assets in modified or fully modified forms. The assets can be mortgages, certificates, bonds, and loans.

PORTFOLIO RISK

Risk caused by adverse movements in the market. It is preventable by diversifying. Refer to correlation and correlation risk.

PREFERRED STOCK

A security that pays investors periodic dividends but does not allow them board vote. There are many forms of this stock.

PRIVATE EQUITY

An investment that comes from a private not corporate investor. The investor usually exits at the first public sale.

PURE CAPTIVE

An insurer owned by a single company. They write insurance for that company only. While easy to manage it may be more risky. AKA single parent captive. Refer to agency captive, captive,

PUBLIC ENEMY

A nation at war with the United States; alsoevery citizen or subject of such nation. Not including robbers, thieves, privatedepredators, or riotous mobs. State v. Moore, 74 Mo. 417. 41 Am. Rep.

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