Your Free Online Legal Dictionary • Featuring Black’s Law Dictionary, 2nd Ed.

SENTENCES TO RUN CONCURRENTLY

a term for sentences that run at the same time as other sentences and often occur when has a person has committed a number of wrongs.

CLOSED SHOP CONTRACT

a contract where an employer hires union labour and all employees agree to be members while working there.

ESTOPPEL BYCONTRACT

a bar that will renounce or renege that facts that have already been agreed to in a contract.

FEDERAL PATENT

the granting of a right to make something that excludes all others from making the same thing.

CERTIFICATE OF OCCUPANCY

the document that certifies a building has been completed to conform with zoning and other standards and is ready to be occupied.

COVENANT TO RENEW

a contract that is given to the lessee who has a right to renew the lease under conditions outlined in the clause for renewal.

VETERANS

the name of a federal government agency that administers government benefits to veterans of the US armed forces and their dependents.

ILLEGAL ALIEN

This term is given to a foreigner living in the US with no right to stay who has taken no steps to become a citizen.

COUNTERCLAIM

the term that is given to the claim or cause of action against the plaintiff by the defendant.

TWO-WITNESS RULE

a rule in some states where the death penalty is used that at least 2 or more witnesses need to testify to a persons guilt.

CERTIFICATION OF QUESTION

the practice in a case or a question of law that is referred to by a lower court to a higher court to make a decision.

RESIDENTIAL RESTRICTION

a local regulation that defines the type of buildings that can be built on particular areas or neighbourhoods.

PERFECT INSTRUMENT

the term applied to a deed or instrument that is perfect when it is filed and recorded.

ACCUMULATED SURPLUS

The fund resulting in the undistributed earnings and profits from a corporation or company that is in excess of its capital stock.

DERIVATIVE TORT

the court action that is based on the criminal conduct of the defendant against the plaintiff where the plaintiff seeks recompense for injuries.

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