Your Free Online Legal Dictionary • Featuring Black’s Law Dictionary, 2nd Ed.

Category: C

CHANGE FEE

An amount charged or levied for the altering of a material, condition, or requirement in a concluded arrangement such as an already purchased airfare ticket.

CHAPTER 13

A much-disliked section of US bankruptcy code that specifies a court appointed trustee or receiver collects a debtor’s future earnings that are then paid to unsecured creditors.

CHECKED BAGGAGE

Before boarding an aircraft, this is a traveler’s luggage given to the baghandlers of the airline . This luggage is expected to be carried in the cargo compartment of the same aircraft

CHEMICAL TREATMENT

Processes and technologies that use chemicals or chemical processes to alter the existing condition of materials or wastes or environments.

CHIEF KNOWLEDGE OFFICER (CKO)

Highest ranking executive accountable for disbursing appropriate knowledge to various levels of a firm in support of the firm’s requirements and strategically goals. This executive (1) recognizes corporate knowledge as an live

CHROMIUM

Element essential to the manufacture of stainless steel in alloying. It increases the corrosion resistance and hardenability of steel. When added as 12 to 20 percent by weight, together with carbon, it

CIRCULAR CAUSATION

An action that is controlled or affected by its own status-change or result This is a common situation in complex systems that have several interconnected causes and effects.

CLASS A SHARES

Common stock providing more voting rights than Class B Shares. The voting rights are spelled out for each class of stock in the firm’s prospectus. See also B Shares; Preferred Shares; Restricted

CLASSICAL SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT

Management school of thought. It is based on the belief that job satisfaction for employees come only with satisfying economical and physical needs. Social needs and need for esoteric job satisfaction either

CLEAN FLOAT

Systems of floating-exchange rates. The worth of a currency is set with no government interference entirely by the forces of market demand and supply. Contrast to dirty float. Known also as pure

CLEARANCE SALE

Retail sale using heavily discounted prices to quickly sell off closed-out goods.

CLIFFORD TRUST

US living trust set up for a period longer than ten years. the trust terminates at the end of the period, and the trust property, typically income producing assets, is returned to

CLOSED DATING

A required system of coding products for controlling inventory and tracking product movement in commerce. Managed by the manufacturers. Closed dating codes are typically not available to consumers. Consumers see open dating

CLOSED-END INVESTMENT COMPANY

A type of regulated investment firm with a limited number of shares available, as listed on a specific exchange, making the stock a closed-end fund.

CLOSING DOWN POINT

Level of output in the short term where production marginal cost equals average variable cost, and the basis to stopping production.

CMR

Standardized document required for cross-border transport of cargo by road. It is based on UN recommendations for standardized international rules and is in force in the European Union. CMR it the acronym

CODETERMINATION

Agreement to appoint worker representatives for participation in the firm’s decision- making processes on a firm’s board of directors .

CO-FINANCING

Collaborative financing of the same project by two or more banks or other lending institutions.

COLD MARKET

Unknown prospects not a part of the salesperson’s ‘warm market.’

COLLATERAL CONTRACT DOCTRINE

Legal principle. If a written main contract is challenged, the evidence of a second contract may not be ignored under the parol evidence rule, even if expressed but oral. This rule gives

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