Your Free Online Legal Dictionary • Featuring Black’s Law Dictionary, 2nd Ed.

Category: C

CIM

Document used for crossborder transport of cargo by rail. Standardized, per UN recommendations on uniform international rules and European Union (EU) applied. CIM means ‘Convention Internationale concernant le transport des Marchandises par

CLARITY

Unobstructed, undistorted view. For material, it is the absence of haze or turbidity. This is measured by means of methods such as ASTM D2457. The measure is a function of light passing

CLASSICAL GROWTH THEORY

Theory promoting the notion that economic growth ends when a population increases. Supporters of this theory believe that the population increases as the gross domestic product increases. This population growth increases demand

CLAYTON’S CASE

Established the precedent of funds withdrawn from an account are presumed to be debits from the funds deposited in a first-in, first-out (FIFO) principle-based fashion. UK’s 1816 case of Devaynes v. Noble.

CLEANUP REQUIREMENT

Stated to prevent a borrower from using a line of credit as permanent and ongoing financing. Would likely result in the borrower having to pay off the line of credit balance and

CLICKSTREAM

Mouse clicks or keystrokes a user makes in sequence or as a ‘flow’ while navigating through webpages or websites. Web advertisers custom-tailor their advertisements to this specific customer, by determining the user’s

CLOSED CONTRACT

Unchangeable contract unless by mutual consent of all parties. Contact terms constitute the entire agreement between the contracting parties. An insurance contract, for example, is a closed contract. A construction contract may

CLOSED TRANSACTION

1. Financial transaction finalized during an accounting period. 2. Any transaction finalized for all of its tasks.

CLOSING BELL

The signal of a ringing bell ending the regular trading day on an exchange. The honor of ringing the closing bell of an exchange is often celebrated as a notable event when

CLUSTER SAMPLING

Survey method in which groups or clusters of sampling units are selected from a population for analysis. Individual units are part of the cluster, but not individually surveyed.

CODEN

Unique six-character alphanumeric code permanently identifying a serial publication, such as a journal or magazine, or a non-serial publication, such as a dissertation or thesis. Examples are JECLB3 as the Coden for

COERCIVE INCENTIVE

The reason to act or behave in a certain unwanted manner under coercion. It is reasonable expectations of the use of physical force or execution of abused authority. It would be applied

COLD CALLING

(1). Visiting a prospect who likely does not know the visitor, without a prior appointment. (2). Calling a prospect who likely does not know the caller, for a sales appointment. Known also

COLLAR AGREEMENT

1. In Purchasing, this is an agreement to freeze the maximum limit, ceiling or cap, and/or the minimum limit, or floor. 2. In Investing:, this is a provision in a stock-swap acquisition

COLLECTIVE ACTION

Group’s steps or actions while working toward a common goal. When individuals engage in collective action, the strength of the group’s resources, knowledge and efforts combines all parties to more readily achieve

COMBINED RATIO

A ratio involving loss and expense. It is used in underwriting when the ratio is less than 100%. If the ratio is over 100% than a gain is incurred.

COMMERCIAL ORGANIZATION

A company with an asset that is made to create profit. Income left over is given to employees and shareholders. It can also be reinvested.

CO-MORTGAGOR

A co-signer on a mortgage who is individually or jointly liable for the repayments on a loan for the entire amount. The individual shares ownership of the property with one or more

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