Your Free Online Legal Dictionary • Featuring Black’s Law Dictionary, 2nd Ed.

Category: C

CHARTER OF PARDON

In English law. An instrument under the great seal, by which a pardon is granted to a man for a felony or other offense.

CHATTEL INTEREST

An interest in corporeal hereditaments less than a freehold. 2 Kent, Comm. 342.

CIIEMIS

In old Scotch law. A chier dwelling or mansion house

CHIROGRAPHA

In Roman law. Writings emanating from a single party, the debtor.

CHURCH

In Its most general sense, the religious society founded and established by Jesus Christ, to receive, preserve, and propagate his doctrines and ordinances. A body or community of Christians, united under one

CIRCULATING MEDIUM

This term is more comprehensive than the term “money.” as it is the medium of exchanges, or purchases and sales, whether it be gold or silver coin or any other article.

CITIZEN

In general, A member of a free city or jural society, (civitas.) possessing all the rights and privileges which can be enjoyed by any person under its constitution and government, and subject

COUNTER-CLAIM

A claim set up and urged by the defendant in opposition to or reduction of the claim presented by the plaintiff. See, more fully, COUNTEB-CLAIM.

CLAUSE ROLLS

In English law. Rolls which contain all such matters of record as were committed to close writs; these rolls are preserved in the Tower.

CLEAR EVIDENCE OR PROOF

Evidence which is positive, precise and explicit, as opposed to ambiguous, equivocal, or contradictory proof, and which tends directly to establish the point to which it is adduced, instead of leaving it

CLOSE CORPORATION

One in which the directors and officers have the power to fill vacancies in their own number, without allowing to the general body of stockholders any choice or vote in their election.

COAST

The edge or margin of a country bounding on the sea. It is held that the term includes small islands and reefs naturally connected with the adjacent land, and rising above the

CODIFICATION

The process of collecting and arranging the laws of a country or state into a code, t. e., into a complete system of positive law, scientifically ordered, and promulgated by legislative authority.

COGNATI

Lat. In the civil law. Cognates; relations by the mother’s side. 2 HI. Comm. 235. Relations in the line of the mother. Hale, Com. Law, c. xi. Relations by or through females.

COIN, V

To fashion pieces of metal into a prescribed shape, weight, and degree of fineness, and stamp them with prescribed devices, by authority of government, in order that they may circulate as money.

COLLISION

In maritime law. The act of ships or vessels striking together. In its strict sense, collision means the impact of two vessels both moving, and is distinguished from allision, which designates the

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