Speed of a computer to traverse a number of evenly-spaced pulses generated by a computer’s clock to regulate the switching task of the circuits. Measured in megahertz (MHz) or gigahertz (GHz), clock

1. To complete a deal, discussion, negotiation, or sales presentation. 2. Same meaning as closing price (Definition 2).

Narrow profit margins or spread characterized this market. Contrast to wide market.

The finalizing balance sheet and the firm’s announcement of results to the public is this time period. The time period is typically two months preceding an announcement. Insiders are not allowed to

Option contract whose exercise price and market price of the underlying asset is essentially the same.

Same meaning as closed competitive bidding.

1. Electrical circuit with live electric current flowing through it. 2. Limited area transmission of audio and/or video signals in a conference hall, hotel, or home. Area monitoring and security scrutiny use

Competitive bidding conducted at a private venue with closed bids. The bidding occurs in the presence only of the authorized personnel of the party requesting the bids.

Unchangeable contract unless by mutual consent of all parties. Contact terms constitute the entire agreement between the contracting parties. An insurance contract, for example, is a closed contract. A construction contract may

Firm privately held, whose shares are owned by a family or a small group of investors, and not available to the public. Known also as privately held corporation. Refer also to closely

Date commonly available services are not available because of an advance sell out. Such services are hotel rooms or discounted airline tickets.

A required system of coding products for controlling inventory and tracking product movement in commerce. Managed by the manufacturers. Closed dating codes are typically not available to consumers. Consumers see open dating

File locked down so that no new documents or records can be added. The lock down occurs because (1). Processing has been completed, (2). Updates are no longer possible, or (3). a

A manufacturing resource planning system (MRP). It manages products returned by retail stores, or products that failed the manufacturer’s quality control standards. This system tracks purchasing plans against the list of products

Production system using the waste or byproduct of one procedure or product to make another product. Example: newspapers are recycled into paperboard or other types of paper.

System using some or all of its output as its input.

A investment transaction with both an executed buy and executed sell order, posting either a profit or a loss. This is in contrast to an open position.

A sales message for goods or services limited to a specific consumer group. Example: a hotel’s special offer only to seniors over the age of 65 of a getaway weekend .

Accompanied by a select set of answers one can choose. Example: Multiple choice questions.

Part of an economy or market whose access excludes new entrants or foreigners.