A broker that overcharges for trades against established rules or an advisor who makes a profit by beating their clients to an investment.

A corporate executive officer responsible for identifying the duties of the board of directors within the single board system in Japan.

A foreign company using the yen to make a transaction in Japan. Refer to daimyo, geisha, samurai, and shogun.

A nonyen bond issued by a foreign company in Japan. Refer also to Daimyo, Geisha, Samurai, and Shibosai.

When the futures rate is lower than the forward rate. This means the cash market is underpriced and the asset is bought while selling the futures. Refer to long arbitrage.

When a short position is used to protect the long position. Refer to long hedge.

Maturity dates of less than three years on a yield curve. Refer to belly of the curve and long end.

A measurement, through standard deviation, comparing a portfolio

The sale of a short position. The market price will decline. Refer to short naked shorting.

An option that allows the buyer to lock in the profit before the possible loss occurs. Refer to cliquet, ladder, fixed strike shout, and floating strike shout option.

Satisfying the offer to purchase all or some of a shareholders stock by borrowing common stock to pay for the tender offer.

A corporation that is overseen by one board of directors consisting of 10 to 30 members guided by a chairman (possibly the CEO) who are nominated by internal sources and elected at

When a sinking fund provision is included in a bonds indenture.

A firm that is failing that becomes a prime takeover possibility.

Assets or securities that are offered in a large quantity or a change in an assets position.

An individual that encourages a short sale. This is done assuming the price will decline.

A list of registered new securities that don

When a bank is interested in establishing good relationships with its borrowers by offering loans with below market interest rates, long repayment periods, and repeated rescheduling or rollover of the principal.

An attempt to circumvent economic recession identified by excess demand and increasing inflation made by a central bank or other monetary authority. Under certain circumstances such as when fiscal policy or monetary

When excess risk capacity lowers premiums. This causes an expansion of business due to a more affordable premium rate. The extra capital is used to cover the new risk. Refer to hard