Your Free Online Legal Dictionary • Featuring Black’s Law Dictionary, 2nd Ed.

KNOWLEDGE CAPITAL

Experience, information, knowledge, learning, and skills of the employees of an organization tallied into expertise, high-capability. Knowledge capital is an essential component of human capital. Knowledge capital builds the longest lasting competitive

KNOWLEDGE CREATION

Defined by Ikujiro Nonaka, interactions between explicit and tacit knowledge form new ideas. Socialization (tacit to tacit), externalization (tacit to explicit), combination (explicit to explicit), and internalization (explicit to tacit) are the

KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY

Building, evaluating, and trading knowledge is the basis of this economy. Labor costs slowly decrease in importance while dwindling concern occurs over scarcity of resources and economies of scale, traditional economic concepts.

KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT

Building of an organization’s intellectual assets by strategies and processes. Driving to identify, capture, structure, value, leverage, and share, enhancing results and market share. Two critical activities are its basis: (1) retain

KNOWLEDGE MAP

Atlas of documents, files, databases, recordings of best practices or activities, or web pages as a organization’s internal or external repositories guide and inventory.

KNOWLEDGE WORK

Specific information content or requirements distinguishing job, process, or task.

KNOWLEDGE WORKER

Data analysts, product developers, planners, programmers, and researchers capturing data to analyze and manipulate into information as a product or service. US management guru Peter Drucker, born in Austria in 1909 popularized

KNOWLEDGE-BASED PAY

Earnings system that compensates employees skill level proficiency and gained education. The employee incentive is improve skills set and education. Reaching certain goals in education, training and skill development translates into higher

KONDRATIEFF CYCLE

Russian economist Nikolai Dmitrijewitsch Kondratieff (1892-1938) propose this cycle. The usual boom-bust cycles characteristic of a capitalist economy plays out over a period of about 60 years of major capital goods expansion

KRAFT PAPER

At least 80 percent virgin wood pulp is in this strong brown unbleached paper.

KYOTO PROTOCOL

Industrialized countries excluding the US agree to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases. Negotiated in 1997 in Kyoto, Japan.

L

Yearly obligations to a financial institution.

LA NI

Periodic but anomalous cooling of the surface waters of eastern equatorial Pacific ocean (off South American coast), causing the opposite effects experienced during El Ninio. Typical effects include a cooling in the

LABELING

Identifying information on packaging about its contents, on a container holding several packages, or the product itself. Relevant safety and shipping laws govern the type and quantity of information that must exist

LABOR DAY

First Monday in September; an observed US Federal holiday. Authorized in 1882, it gives a guaranteed day off to working individuals. Parades, cookouts, and shopping are a typical event on this holiday.

LABOR LAWS

Labor laws first arrived as standards in the Industrial Revolution. Labor laws have two categories: collective and individual. Collective labor law covers union, employer and employee relationships. Individual labor law covers employees’

LABOR STANDARDS

Forecasting or analyzing labor performance as computed, estimated, or measured values. Examples of these are assembly time, operations per hour, output per unit of time.

LACONIC

To the point; using as few words as possible to form a point; straightforward.

LADDER OPTION

When a buyer locks in gains. Refer to the hatchet option, cliquet option, fixed and floating strike ladder option, or a shout option.

LADDERED PORTFOLIO

Organized, arranged, steady income-producing investment portfolio. Bonds with different maturities spread the investment amount to hedge and minimize interest rate fluctuation impacts. Equal amounts of money buys bonds due to mature in

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