Reserved that is set aside to cover uncertain costs of a project.

Underwriting syndicate where each member has dual liability. See divided account.

Same as retained earnings unless a portion is to be held for a certain purpose.

Situation that has arisen when a portfolio’s investment are lower in proportion to the financial market’s share of capitalisation. Opposite of overweight.

Loan under book value due to its (1) not performing, (2) low interest rate below market rate, (3) collateral market value decreases to less than loan balance outstanding or (4) collateral is

Sum that is spent for purposes it was not intended to be spent on.

Account holding income recognised to pay insurance premiums.

Hotel guest checking out earlier than the scheduled date of departure.

Situation where a bank will credit amount of a draft or cheque to a depositor’s account before it is cleared.

Bidding at a lower price that that of other bidders.

Situation where a plant or machine runs at less than its full capacity in order to accommodate production rate or time for processing.

Person’s name appearing at the end of the document, subscriber.

Contract for purchase of securities between the underwriter and the issuer of bonds.

1. Accounting. Income received before a service is provided or a good is sold.2. Taxation. Income from means not arising from a person’s efforts.

Damage to property underground such as sewers and pipes by excavation, drilling, backfilling or changing to the ground.

Person working in a job that they are over qualified for.

Situation of an unemployment rate that is higher than natural unemployment rate in Keynesian economics.

Cheque still passing through a clearing cycle. See nucleated effects.

A security with a price expected to rise due to it trading lower than is justified by its estimated and current earnings. See Bottom fishing; Value investing.