A manager or interviewer rates an employee or the candidate too positively, causing a performance appraisal or interview bias. Contrast with strictness error.

Distance between printed text characters. This spacing is adjustable to increase or decrease the average distance between letters. Can be applied to a block of text or paragraph. ‘Proportional letter spacing,’ adjusts

Securities sold directly by the issuer to a buyer. These must be unregistered stock or bonds, known as letter bonds. The buyer sends a signed letter of intent to the regulatory authorities

A government assigns title or rights to a private entity through this legal instrument.

Defined by American National Standards Institute (ANSI) as 8

1. Time-bound, fixed charge or fee. 2. To eliminate bottlenecks and minimize work-in-process inventory, different production rates balanced by an output rate.

Universal life insurance option paying the policy’s face value or a specified accumulation value percentage upon the insured’s death.

May be written prior to death or issued by the probate court. Grants an estate executor permission to do what is needed to distribute stated assets.

Despite a hypothesis actually being true, the likelihood of data and hypothesis rejection by a statistical test.

Constant production rate regardless of demand fluctuation. Maximum plant capacity utilization and balanced workforce size are the objectives.

Buyer-seller arrangement seeking to eliminate huge demand swings due to seasonal factors. In exchange for a discount or guaranteed delivery, the buyer agrees to buy a definite amount of a good or

Scheduled loan repayment. Schedules a fixed number of fixed-amount monthly installments. Interest and principal allocation shifts from month to month. Early on, interest allocation is high. Over time, interest allocated decreases and

Financing a company’s growth by borrowing against the employee stock exchange ownership program funds.

A bank obtains borrower’s written consent to seize an account for non-payment of a loan or other obligations. If a bank believes its normal, lawful right to setoff may be challenged, it

A note that gives investors a possibility of returns through a coupon. Refer to inverse floating rate note.

Use of existing power, information, and material to obtain a successful result, minimizing overall resource expenditure. Influential capability over a system, or environment, to multiply results from one’s efforts with no corresponding

Money available to company’s stockholders after paying incurred debt interest. The bigger the debt interest due, the less money left for distribution.

A three-party lease contract for an asset bought by the lessor by borrowing most or all of the monies to purchase the leased asset. Under this contract, (1) the lessor has no

Buying a company by using the company’s assets as collateral for the loan(s) to pay for the purchase. The company’s cash flow and assets are sold off to pay for the loan

An allottee-stockholder-shareholder issues this written notification, renouncing or transferring new-issue allotted securities or rights to an issue to other stockholder(s).