Category: O

The purchase of products and services on the Internet. Online shopping has become increasingly popular, due to convenience (and often lower prices). Especially in the holiday season, online shopping saves an individual

The philosophy that a firm will succeed if all of the employees share finance and operations information. Four basic practises are necessary for this: 1. Employees must be appropriately trained. 2. Employees

A period of time in which individuals can openly choose an alternate insurance plan, without being re-assessed for insurability

1. A forward contract that has not been cashed in by an offsetting contract or through the delivery of the asset that is covered. 2. A situation in which a trader could

A credit system in which merchandise may be received based only on the promise of payment.

The time it takes a system to produce an output from the moment it is first requested by a user.

A non-profit fund to help people on low incomes. Provides assistance through education, affordable mortgages, micro-savings and micro-loans.

The process of identifying the most efficient or highest quality outcome, given current constraints, by maximizing positive factors and minimizing negative factors.

An instruction to buy shares at a set price or lower, or to sell shares at a set price or higher.

To increase or decrease some aspect of a process (e.g. output, efficiency, waste) by a multiple of 10.

Total payroll expenses for all employees of an insured business, excluding executives, contractors, officers of the company and departmental managers.

Flow chart, showing the hierarchical structure of an organization, including formal lines of communication and accountability.

The process by which organizations enhance their ability to understand and adapt to change. Involves wide-scale interpretation and integration of developing knowledge that leads to changes in organizational policy and practice.

A customer?s first order with a company, used by marketers to gain understanding of new customer behavior.

This condition is found in almost all insurance policies (except life insurance). It stipulates that, if multiple policies apply to a given risk, any associated losses will be paid from all relevant

Classification term that applies to items that do not meet given specifications.

An estimation of how long it will take a company to spend the revenue generated during an accounting period.

1. Retailing: A drug or medication that does not require a doctor’s prescription. 2. Securities: Unlisted US securities (usually unlisted because the issuer does not meet the exchange?s requirements).

Occurs when expenditure exceeds the budgeted amount.

To place demands on a piece of equipment or a system that are in excess of its capacity, typically resulting in damage to equipment or system collapse.