Your Free Online Legal Dictionary • Featuring Black’s Law Dictionary, 2nd Ed.

Category: Finance Dictionary

POISON PUT

An option that allows investors to redeem their bonds if a trigger event occurs. The sudden redemption reduces cash value and makes the stock less attractive to the buyer.

POTENTIAL EXPOSURE

The amount of risk associated with a financial investment with uncertain value. AKA risk equivalent exposure.

PREREFUNDING

A new bond floated to pay an existing bond issue. This occurs at the first call date. Proceeds are invested in low risk securites until the original bond is redeemable. This is

PUKE POINT

When a dealer or trader sell all or some of a money losing position.

PUT PROTECTED EQUITY

When a company buys an option on its own stock. This is done through a middle man generating gain even if stock value declines. Refer to loss equity put.

RATE MAKING

The way insurance companies get their premiums. These rates are made to cover loss and still be fair. Refer to expense loading, premium loading, and pure premium.

REDLINING

When a bank refuses funds for an insurance company due to previous losses. It is illegal in many jurisdictions.

RETROCEDE

Using a retrocession contract to defer responsibility from the retrocedant to a retrocessionaire. Refer to cede, recessionaire, and retrocedant.

REVERSE KNOCKOUT OPTION

When an inthemoney option is turned into a latent option because the barrier is below the strike price. AKA kickout option. Refer to reverse knockin option.

RISK FINANCING

A delay in the funding of losses until they are more affordable instead of transferring them to a third party. Refer to finite insurance contract and finite reinsurance.

RISKADJUSTED RETURN ON CAPITAL (RAROC)

A calculation where expected losses and expenses are subtracted from revenue, income from capital is added, and this amount is divided by capital to determine risks on projects being considered for investment.

SCENARIO ANALYSIS

Theorizing outcome from risk exposures such as foreign exchange rates, yield curve shifts, or market volatility. AKA stress testing.

SELLING CONCESSION

When syndicate members get a discount on new issues. This is half the underwriting spread.

SHOGUN

A nonyen bond issued by a foreign company in Japan. Refer also to Daimyo, Geisha, Samurai, and Shibosai.

SINKER

When a sinking fund provision is included in a bonds indenture.

SPINNING

Illegally enticing business from favored clients using allocations to establish a quid pro quo arrangement.

STANDBY LETTER OF CREDIT

A bank is protected if a customer defaults on a transaction by a standby letter of credit giving the bank the authority to pay the beneficiary and go after the customer to

STRICT LIABILITY

When a plaintiff makes a motion to prove harm has occurred without having to show how or why to collect damages.

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