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Category: Finance Dictionary

DIRECT PAY LETTER OF CREDIT

A LETTER OF CREDIT facility where a BANK automatically pays the BENEFICIARY an agreed amount and then seeks repayment from the underlying customer that has drawn the letter of credit; the beneficiary

DISENFRANCHISING TRANSACTION

A financial restructuring transaction, such as a DUAL CLASS RECAPITALIZATION, that removes voting rights from certain COMMON STOCK investors. DISINTERMEDIATION The process of removing financial institutions, including BANKS, INVESTMENT BANKS, and SECURITIES

DOWN AND OUT OPTION

A COMPLEX OPTION that extinguishes a standard EUROPEAN OPTION if the price of the UNDERLYING market reference declines through a predefined BARRIER. If the barrier is not breached the European option remains

ECONOMIC CAPITAL

CAPITAL resources that a company allocates internally to conduct its operations and support its RISKS (including FINANCIAL RISK and OPERATING RISK). Economic capital, which is a key measure of SOLVENCY, serves to

EFFICIENT MARKET HYPOTHESIS

A theory stating that financial markets reflect all publicly available information, suggesting that all investors have an equal opportunity to earn a given minimum return, and that it is not possible to

ELASTICITY OF SUPPLY

Producer response to price change for their goods or services. Typically, a prices increase means an increase in supply.

ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC)

Condition where electronic equipment and systems to operate without causing or suffering unacceptable degradation in output or performance when in close proximity to electro-mechanical devices, .

ELECTRONIC DATA PROCESSING (EDP)

Recording, classifying, manipulating, and summarizing data, using computers. Known also as Automatic data processing, data processing, or information processing.

ELECTRONIC PUBLISHING

Involves written information handled through digital media (diskettes, CDROMs, DVDs, portable document files (PDF)), or online over the internet or other networks. Encompasses the entire process of bringing information from concept to

ELEPHANT

A large institutional client, such as a PENSION FUND, MUTUAL FUND, HEDGE FUND, CORPORATION, or sovereign entity, that financial institutions court in order to generate NEW ISSUE, CORPORATE FINANCE, or investment advisory

ELIGIBLE PAPER

Shortterm financial instruments (such as GOVERNMENT BILLS, CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSIT, BANKER

EMBEDDED VALUE (EV)

A method that calculates asset value when added to future revenue of the policy. It is used to assess the value of a life insurance policy. A point-in-time calculation.

EMOTICON

Symbols and symbolization electronically keyed by keyboard or keypad. Initially begun as digital facial expressions on digital devices. Primarily used to express an emotion. Example: πŸ™ denotes sad; 😎 happy; People emphasize

EMPLOYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (EIN)

An IRS-generated, unique identifier (ID) used to identify an entity that potentially owes taxes. Businesses, partnerships, or other entities are required by law to have such an ID.

ENABLERS

That which allows an action or behavior to occur. Often it contributes to the success of an entity, program, or project. It can be capabilities, forces, or resources. It can also be

END PRODUCT

1. Resulting object from a process. Finished good. Deliverable. 2. Contractual delivery of the item produced. Can be articles, materials, or supplies..

ENERGY UTILIZATION INDEX

A measured value. Total energy used for cooling or heating a building or facility over a specific period. Displayed or stated as British thermal unit (Btu) per gross square footage cooled or

ENTERPRISE APPLICATION INTEGRATION

Process of linking various enterprise system together in support of the corporate world-wide business. Also involves maintenance and time upgrade or replacement of legacy (in-place) systems and hardware with new software and

ENTERPRISE ZONE

Land offering tax incentives, freedom from some regulatory control, and other advantageous terms. Usually set aside as sites for factories, transportation companies, and other types of business. Typically situated in a depressed

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